Back to Norwegian course with Leddsetninger

Getting back to school is a new adjustment while working full-time now. It is a great experience working in a Norwegian environment. It is the greatest way in order to learn a certain language and being in this kind of situation will motivate you to struggle.

Back to the topic. Leddsetninger.....

I have pain in my stomach because I did not eat.
Jeg har vondt i magen fordi jeg ikke har spist.

Leddsetninger is basically the second sentence of the sentence. Am I right with my explanation? I hope you´ve got my point. In english, there is no unusual rule but in norwegian, leddsetninger has it´s simple rule. For the sake of example, I will be using ikke. Ikke in a sentence comes after the verb but this rule will be disregarded when you will be dealing with leddsetninger. The succeding sentence will use ikke before the verb.

Some advers for Leddsetninger.....
ikke, alltid, aldri

Ordenstall

1. første * 2. andre * 3. tredje * 4. fjerde * 5. femte * 6. sjette * 7. sjuende 8. åttende 9. niende 10. tiende

11. ellevte * 12. tolvte * 13. trettende 14. fjortende 15. femtende 16. sekstende 17. syttende 18. attende 19. nittende 20. tjuende

21. tjueførste 22. tjueandre 30. trettiende 31. trettiførste 40. førtiende 50. femtiende 60. sekstiende 70. syttiende 100. hundrede 1000. tusende

* - No rules, just memorize
* - "te" added after the tallord (number)
sjuende and tjuende are almost pronounced in the same way but the Norwegians are good. sjuende can be syvende also. I am not sure if the reason is to avoid confusion but it is a great help especially for me as a foreigner. By the way, sju can be syv also.

Others have rules......

1 en/ei/ett
1. første
2 to
2. andre
9 ni
9. niende
27 tjuesju
27. tjuesjuende
I hope you did find difference...
Note: tallord doesnt have period after, but ordenstall has period after

29 februar 1980 og 29 02 1980- these formats are wrong
29. februar 1980 - is the right way
or this
29. 02. 1980
Note: with dates, we neeed to put period after the day and month
Because Norwegians read dates this way;
tjueniende februar nitten åtti
eller
tjueniende i andre nitten åtti
I hope you did observe that the year doesn't have period after. That is the reason why it is only written in numbers (tallord), not in "ordenstall"

Eiendomspronomen

Dette er læreren min.
eller
Dette er min lærer.
Hun tenker på mora si.
eller
Hun tenker på sin mor.
These sentences are just the same. Så dum, ikke sant? The only difference is that, when the "substantiv" comes first the "eiendomspronomen", it is required to use "bestemt" within the subtantiv. (e.g. læreren min). The vise-versa is min lærer.
And maybe, you are thinking, what are these sin and si.
English:
I can brush her teeth. But she can brush her teeth.
Norsk:
Jeg kan pusse hennes tenner. Men hun kan pusse hennes tenner.
The first sentence is just fine but with the second sentence, it is totally WRONG. This should be the right way.
Jeg kan pusse hennes tenner. Men hun kan pusse sine tenner.
Did you see the difference or maybe you are thinking what is this sine again? If you are translating from english to norsk. Then you are wrong!!! How can I explain this. Maybe it will be clear if I will lay a table for these norwegian pronouns.

Subjektpronomen	Objektpronomen	Refleksivpronomen	Eiendomspronomen
Jeg	meg	meg	min, mitt, mi; mine
Du	deg	deg	din, ditt, di; dine
Han	ham	seg	sin, sitt, si; sine; hans
Hun	henne	seg	sin, sitt, si; sine; hennes
Vi	oss	oss	vår, vårt; våre
Dere	dere	dere	deres
De	dem	seg	si, sitt, si; sine; deres

Eiendomspronomen marked blue can't be used as refleksiveiendomspronomen.
Conclusion: Ohhh man, is it still confusing? Me too. Ok. Check han, hun and De. They are the third persons of pronouns. Rule in refleksivpronomen is different together with refleksiveiendomspronomen. Maybe it is better if I will lay a couple of examples.
The following examples are from one of my classmates. I wanna thank her for these examples. I hope these will be great examples.
Jeg har en nabo. Han har kona. Han liker ikke sin kone. Men han liker kona mi.
Jeg har en nabo. Han har konen. Han liker ikke kona si. Men han liker min kone.
These 2 examples are just the same. Check the differences of those in blue.
Mine, dine, sine and våre are plurals or in norsk, flertall.
Example:
De har 3 barn. De elsker barna sine. Vi liker barna deres også.
Du har en datter. Du elsker dattera di. Vi liker din datter også.
De har en datter. De elsker sin datter. Vi liker dattera deres også.
Based with the examples above, the following sentences below are wrong:
De har 3 barn. De elsker barna deres. Vi liker barna deres også.
De har en datter. De elsker deres datter. Vi liker dattera deres også.

I am hoping these make all clear. I am also confused, so don't worry. As I've said, we will get used with them. Good luck....

Norwegian verbs - norsk verb

4 classes of verbs (4 klasser verb):
1.) Infinitive verbs with 2 or 3 consonants before the last letter which is e. (å snakke, å krangle)
2.) Infinitive verbs with 1 consonant before the last letter which is e (å lese, å spare)
3.) Infinitive verbs with consonant letter "v" and letters "ei" before the last letter which is e (å prøve, å veie)
4.) Infinitive verbs which are usually short and without the last letter "e"(å bo, å snu)

Let us take those examples to make it clear .

Klasse	Infinitiv	Preteritum	Perfektum (å ha +)
1	å snakke	snakket	å ha snakket
	å krangle	kranglet	å ha kranglet

conclusion: we just need to add "t" at the end of the infinitive verb for both preteritm and perfektum.

Klasse	Infinitiv	Preteritum	Perfektum (å ha +)
2	å lese	leste	å ha lest
	å spare	sparte	å ha spart

conclusion: we have to remove the last letter which is "e" and replace it with "te" for preteritum and only "t" for perfektum

Klasse	Infinitiv	Preteritum	Perfektum (å ha +)
3	å prøve	prøvde	å ha prøvd
	å veie	veide	å ha veid

conclusion: we have to remove the last letter which is "e" and replace it with "de" for preteritum and only "d" for perfektum

Klasse	Infinitiv	Preteritum	Perfektum (å ha +)
4	å bo	bodde	å ha bodd
	å snu	snudde	å ha snudd

conclusion: we dont have to remove anything", we just need to add letters "dde" for the preteritum and letters "dd" with perfektum

In every rule, there is always an exemption.........

The 4 classes of verbs (4 norsk klasser verb) are just fine because they are complying within the rule, but having these irregular verbs and special cases (uregelmessige og spesiell verb), I think we need an extra effort for it. Let us just consider that they are the spises of verbs. So don't worry, you don't have to be pressured memorizing them because, gradually you will be getting used to them. I will tell you, it will be magic and that is a promise.....

Klasse	Infinitiv	Preteritum	Perfektum (å ha +)
urregelmessige verb	å sove	sov	å ha sovet
	å ha	hadde	å ha hatt
	å bli	ble	å ha blitt
	å være	var	å ha vært

conclusion: There are no rules with irregular verbs (irregelmessige verb) but as I've said, you will get used to them.

OBS!!!! Maybe you forgot the norwegian nouns (substantiv e.g. et barn, mange barn, en gutt og mange gutter er riktig, men mange barner er galt). They also have these "uregelmessige og spesiell substantiv". I told you!!! In every rule, there is always an exemption.......

General concerns can be posted here

All general concerns (e.g. questions) can be posted here. Just comment on this post to publish your concern.

Learn norsk and be a teacher as well

I am putting up this blogsite to share and be shared. I only started attending norwegian language course last march 25, 2008. Meaning, I am just a beginner but I believe that it is an effective way to learn from learners like me and you.

I hope that this blogsite will serve as a channel to norsk language learners to learn and be a teacher as well.

Lykke til.....